Physical activity as a means, not the purpose of recess

According to these stakeholders, recess is primarily a time for pupils to recharge and relax. Physical activity can contribute to this. By getting pupils moving during recess, they are less likely to become bored. According to the interviewees, this also leads to fewer conflicts in the schoolyard. And they believe that after an active recess, pupils have more energy and concentration for the rest of the school day.

Physical activity is therefore mainly a means of supporting other objectives of recess and the school day, rather than an end in itself. Physical activity is consequently not the highest priority. The schools of the interviewees therefore have no policy for active recess. As a result, agreements and initiatives are vulnerable and depend on individual staff members.

Recess serves more purposes than physical activity

According to those involved, recess serves several purposes. In addition to relaxation, recess provides space for free play, social interaction and the development of skills. Organised activities can, for example, help pupils become more physically active. However, the interviewees consider it important that pupils also retain the freedom to choose what they do during recess.

Physical activity requires a broader perspective

Schools therefore mainly use physical activity during recess as a means. But physical activity also deserves attention as an end in itself. This tension exists not only during recess, but more broadly throughout the school day.

The school day offers various opportunities for children to be physically active. However, schools often link physical activity to other objectives, such as concentration or academic performance. It is therefore important to investigate what support schools and school staff need to make physical activity a structural part of the school day.

Interviews with fifteen stakeholders

For this study, we spoke with fifteen stakeholders involved in recess at primary schools:

  • school leaders;

  • classroom teachers;

  • physical education teachers; and

  • external providers of recess activities.

Read the report here.